1.   As in Rioja, the principal red wine grape in Ribera is the tempranillo, although in Ribera it usually goes by the name tinto.

2.   A varietal wine is named for the principal grape in it.

3.   Cannonau is the local name for grenache, the principal grape in Spain, which once owned Sardinia.

4.   For many years, petite sirah was thought to be a version of syrah, the principal grape of the northern Rhone Valley and of Australia.

5.   Its principal grape is pinot noir, the temperamental grape of Burgundy.

6.   Negroamaro is the principal grape in these Salento wines.

7.   Once, the principal South African white grape was chenin blanc, known here as steen.

8.   Over the last three decades, it has become the principal red wine grape in Oregon, too.

9.   Pinot meunier is a principal grape of Champagne, and one day, the city gardeners hope, these vines might produce a true sparkling wine.

10.   Pinot noir and chardonnay, the principal grapes for sparkling wine in both France and California, tend to perform differently on the West Coast.