1.   Tenure was scrapped and professors now must sign a loyalty pledge.

2.   Thirty-one professors had been dismissed by the University of California for refusing to sign a loyalty pledge.

3.   Loyalty pledges by Conservative, or Tory, legislators in the House of Commons are notoriously unreliable in the frenzied atmosphere of a leadership campaign.

4.   The most progress Saturday appeared to come on the issue of loyalty pledges for civil servants.

5.   The civil servants made the loyalty pledge to the caretaker administration after a special meeting Wednesday, the official said.