1.   The many different modes of transmission of hepatitis B are due to the fact that almost all body secretions have been shown to contain the infectious viral surface antigen.

2.   The initial detectable marker found in blood during the incubation period of a hepatitis B infection is hepatitis B surface antigen.

3.   Anti-HBs is the antibody produced against the hepatitis B surface antigen.

4.   If an exposure does occur, a blood sample should be obtained from the individual from whom exposure occurred and tested for hepatitis B surface antigen and HIV antibody.

5.   Hypogammaglobulinemia and depressed IgG to surface antigens of Giardia have been suggested as factors contributing to chronic infection.

6.   At entry all patients had been seropositive for hepatitis B surface antigen and HBeAg for at least six months.

7.   Alternatively, some surface antigens relating to ADCC mechanisms may be changed by the treatment.

8.   Retroviral particles displaying antibodies against cell surface antigens should bind preferentially to target cells expressing those antigens, and this may facilitate their infection.

9.   Those types, known as serotypes, carry different surface antigens.