1.   New issues are underwritten and placed with investors by a syndicate of international banks led by a lead manager bank.

2.   Rights issues are invariably underwritten in order to ensure that the issuing company receives the additional capital needed.

3.   A rights issue is normally underwritten in order to ensure that the purchaser is guaranteed that it will receive the necessary funds.

4.   They are quoted on the Stock Exchange and underwritten by similar institutions to those which underwrite share issues.

5.   The secondary market contributes to the primary market by enabling a wide range of institutions to participate in underwriting new issues.

6.   The issuing house will underwrite the issue for a fee, and will generally pass on some of the risk to sub-underwriters, who are usually large institutional investors.

7.   Analysts said there was a strong possibility that much of the issue will end up in the hands of the banks that have agreed to underwrite the issue.

8.   And it underwrote several issues for Orange County that a report from the SEC determined had violated anti-fraud provisions of federal securities laws.

9.   City officials said they chose yen because Nomura underwrote the issue and planned to swap the proceeds into other currencies, including marks and dollars.

10.   For example, many commercial banks now own brokerage firms or underwrite stock issues, while many brokerage firms offer mortgages or checking accounts.