41.   Greg Matthews, head of equities at Mercantile Mutual Investment Management, said a merger between Newcrest and the Normandy group would free Newcrest from being a minority shareholder.

42.   GT officials have said that the interests of minority shareholders will be imperiled if the existing board resigns.

43.   Guarantees have also been used to pacify minority shareholders when companies already under common control are merged.

44.   Golden shares give governments majority voting rights over formerly state-owned companies after privatization, even when the governments are minority shareholders.

45.   He is J. Howard Marshall II, a friend of the late Fred C. Koch and a minority shareholder who threw his votes to Charles.

46.   He said minority shareholders accepting the offer will be able to realize value now rather than accepting the risks attached to future exploration and production.

47.   HSBC had been a minority shareholder.

48.   Hynix still hopes to retain control over the rest of its operations with Micron as a minority shareholder.

49.   However, he said, even in that situation, cumulative voting can give minority shareholders the ability to gain at least a foothold on the board.

50.   If property rights of majority owners are flimsy, minority shareholders fare even worse.