21.   H pylori infection was a strong predictor of ulcer recurrences.

22.   The principal clinical signs in heavy infections are rapid weight loss and diarrhoea.

23.   With the exception of N. battus, which requires special consideration, disease due to monospecific Nematodirus infections is rarely seen.

24.   Patent infections are common donkeys of all ages, but in horses generally only occur in foals and yearlings.

25.   Infection is much less prevalent in horses.

26.   Infection is by skin penetration or by ingestion, both methods being equally successful.

27.   This transmammary infection is often responsible for severe anaemia in litters of young pups in their second or third week of life.

28.   The infection is not uncommon in groups of sporting and working dogs.

29.   Most infections are light and asymptomatic.

30.   Pneumonic signs have rarely been observed, and infections are almost always inapparent, being identified only as necropsy.