1.   Measures have included the setting up of regional development agencies, private- public partnership schemes and privately organised enterprise trusts.

2.   Other defensive measure have included the long-awaited Decision by Sir Rocco Forte to separate his chairman and chief executive jobs.

3.   Other hoped-for measures include tax breaks for industry to encourage investment and more cash for building projects.

4.   Other measures include teacher appraisal, the National Curriculum, open enrolment, standardised assessment tasks.

5.   Other measures proposed include action to tackle traffic flows, and greater environmental considerations of spending on new transport infrastructure.

6.   Preventive measures include data encryption using various cryptographic methods.