11.   In this study, hepatic bile of the cholesterol gall stone patients provided a significantly shorter nucleation time than that of the gall stone free patients.

12.   This indicates that cholesterol gall stone patients produce hepatic bile with a more reduced metastability of cholesterol compared with that of gall stone free patients.

13.   Previous studies have shown that hepatic bile from cholesterol gall stone patients provides a greater total lipid concentration but not to a significant degree compared with controls.

14.   In this study, a significantly greater total lipid concentration was found in the hepatic bile of cholesterol gall stone patients.

15.   The reason for the greater total lipid concentration in cholesterol gall stone patients is not clear at present.

16.   In conclusion, cholesterol gall stone patients produce less metastable hepatic bile compared with gall stone-free patients proved by the shorter nucleation time.

17.   During the storage in the gall bladder, biliary metastability becomes further reduced only in the cholesterol gall stone patients and not in the gall stone free patients.

18.   Further, low dose ursodeoxycholic acid frequently desaturates bile in gall stone patients.

19.   The difference in the frequency of symptomatic recurrence may be explained by an evolving policy of management when considering gall stone patients for non-surgical treatment.