| card issuer | 5.86 | Not every card issuer fared well. | ||
| credit-card issuer | 2.17 | The credit-card issuer then investigates. | ||
| bond issuer | 1.71 | These companies sell insurance to bond issuers. | ||
| debt issuer | 0.59 | Once a top-rated debt issuer, California now is deemed only medium-grade. | ||
| security issuer | 0.26 | Korea is also opening its markets to foreign securities issuers. |