11.  The original contracting parties no longer have privity with each other.

12.  By applying a strict rule of corporate personality it decided that a restriction which benefited any person other than the contracting parties was in gross and therefore unenforceable.

13.  It is possible for a contracting party to modify its obligations in a number of different ways.

14.  When the contracting party is the government, however, it is simply not reasonable to presume an intent of that sort.

15.  Eventually, however, it will be up to the contracting parties to determine what exactly can be classified as a force majeure.

16.  Russia contends it is the other contracting party, as the principal successor state to the Soviet Union.

17.  The WTO has members, GATT had only contracting parties.

18.  Topfer also called on the US and other non-signatories to become contracting parties to the Convention.

19.  The report recommended that APEC members not currently in GATT, such as China and Taiwan, become contracting parties as soon as possible.

20.  The extradition pacts ensure that the contracting parties are not used as a place of refuge by fugitives.