51.  Any change would require the approval of the Securities and Exchange Commission.

52.  Any deal would require the approval of policyholders of both companies and regulators.

53.  Any proposal would require the approval of the Board of Education.

54.  Any changes in regulations require approval by Jack Peltason, president of the nine-campus UC system.

55.  Any law that would require legislative approval for casinos is widely viewed as making casino development less likely.

56.  Any national policy, if it is to be mandatory, would require approval by the Vatican.

57.  Any settlement arrangement that included increased federal regulation of immunity would require congressional approval, and already various lawmakers were beginning to announce positions on the issue.

58.  Any settlement granting tobacco companies immunity would require congressional approval, however.

59.  Any such accord would require congressional approval because it would radically alter the rules under which states and individuals could sue the industry for actual and punitive damages.

60.  Any such change would require approval from the state legislature, where Democratic lawmakers have criticized these ideas.