1.   Lawrence had long maintained he suffered a head injury when he was thrown overboard during a German torpedo attack on the S.S. Horace Bushnell in the Arctic Ocean.

2.   Yet West quickly pointed out that Lawrence was a war hero who was seriously injured in a German torpedo attack on a merchant marine ship during World War II.

3.   Johnston, who was a radio operator during World War II, survived a Japanese torpedo attack that sank his ship off Hawaii.

4.   Three days after the attack, the USS Triton carried out the first torpedo attack on the Japanese Navy south of Wake Island.