1.   These fluctuations are made more severe by speculation against changes in interest rates, exchange rates, the rate of inflation, etc.

2.   Both times, he went on to say that Hong Kong had no plans to abandon the policy now because it would invite speculation against the Hong Kong dollar.

3.   China has enough foreign exchange to defend its currency, and its relatively closed financial system makes speculation against the currency difficult.

4.   It was the first cut in the closely watched interest rate in two weeks, signaling that the central bank sees speculation against the peso waning.

5.   Newspapers reported Thursday that the Bangko Sentral vowed to quash speculation against the Philippine peso.

6.   Now, the threat of further central-bank buying may reduce speculation against the dollar.

7.   One overanimated French official, angered by speculation against the franc around the same time, called for currency traders to be beheaded.

8.   The new currency policy is intended to discourage speculation against the koruna, central bank officials said.

9.   The pressure on the Hong Kong dollar dates from July, when Thailand devalued the baht, sparking a wave of speculation against other Pacific Rim currencies.

10.   To stave off speculation against the peso, the Philippine central bank has raised its overnight borrowing rate three times in the past four days.