1.   Avoiding unnecessary treatment eliminates the risk of adverse side effects and development of resistant microbes.

2.   Home and hospital use of antibiotics contributes to the spread of resistant microbes, too.

3.   The Japanese cases also raise concern about international surveillance for resistant microbes.

4.   The problems of drug resistance and infections acquired in the hospital are related because many patients return home carrying resistant microbes that may be transmitted to others.

5.   The resistant microbes they create can spread to humans.

6.   These resistant microbes may include bacteria that were present from the start.

7.   To deal with the appearance of stubborn strains of resistant microbes, hospitals need to establish rational infection monitoring and control policies, the report states.