1.   In an even endgame, he had a dangerous, unobstructed advanced pawn that persuaded Kamsky to take a perpetual check, bringing the encounter to a quiet close.

2.   Privately, both sides acknowledge that they face the risk of holding each other in perpetual check.

3.   Shortly before play stopped, Karpov sacrificed a pawn to obtain a draw by perpetual check, and it seemed unlikely that Kamsky had the resources to avoid it.

4.   The strategy involved creating what is called perpetual check, in which Black could keep on checking the white king, move after move, ad infinitum.

5.   A bishop maneuver saved the day, forcing a draw by perpetual check.

6.   Bareev won two pieces for a rook in a series of exchanges but had to accept a draw by perpetual check.

7.   His position looked promising but he had to settle for a draw by perpetual check.

8.   Instead, Ponomariov acquiesced in a perpetual check and offered a draw.

9.   Instead, Ponomariov immediately acquiesced in a draw by perpetual check.

10.   Kramnik had nothing better than perpetual check.