1.   In Alaska the permafrost is thawing.

2.   In Alaska, the permafrost is thawing.

3.   Permafrost is thawing, and as it does, the ground is subsiding and holes are opening in roads.

4.   Already, the extent and thickness of Arctic sea ice have decreased, permafrost has thawed and the distribution and abundance of many species has been effected.

5.   Already, the extent and thickness of Arctic sea ice have decreased, permafrost has thawed and the distribution and abundance of species has been effected.