1.   Low-ranking male chimpanzees eat with the dominant females, who show no aggresssion towards them.

2.   Dominant females are not any bigger or fleshier than their underlings, nor are they more overtly aggressive.

3.   Dominant females will often display excessive interest in the infants of subordinates, grabbing them away from their reluctant mothers and inspecting the newborns from head to genitals.

4.   Finally, the dominant female called out to the frantic male.

5.   The dominant female trims the whiskers of all lesser ranking mice, so everyone knows where they stand.

6.   The dominant female bullies her subordinates, cowing them into a hormonal state of infertility.

7.   The scientists suspect that dominant females exert their pre-eminence in their choice of feeding terrains.

8.   The scientists do not yet know what distinguishes a high-ranking female from a subordinate, or why the offspring of dominant females fare better than those of the lowly.