1.   A federal court ruled this month that Napster helped users to violate music copyright laws.

2.   A lower federal court ruled that, irrespective of the circumstances, such disciplinary action is never permitted without a prior hearing.

3.   Among other findings, the court ruled that defendants could plead that they were just following orders.

4.   Courts ruled that prayer in school violates a clause of the First Amendment.

5.   Despite the apparent vagueness of this term, courts have ruled that it is a valid ground for dismissing teachers.

6.   Finally, the courts have ruled that school boards can impose economic sanctions on teachers who go on strike.

7.   Her biggest victory came when a court ruled in May that she is not mentally disturbed.

8.   Similarly, a New York court ruled that a school district could transfer a teacher who Married her assistant principal.

9.   The appeals court ruled that the case was not dead even though the magazine ultimately published its article.