1.   For example, MRI may show tumour spread beyond the bladder wall in the sagittal or coronal plane which cannot be seem on computed tomography.

2.   Before starting rotation of the impeller the lithotrite was gently rotated under fluoroscopy to ensure that it was free of the gal bladder wall.

3.   Interstitial cystitis is an inflammatory disease of the bladder wall that often results in stiffness and reduced bladder capacity.

4.   Langermann and his colleagues discovered that one adhesive, called FimH, enables E. coli to get a grip on the bladder wall.

5.   There also are more chronic problems, such as scarring of the bladder wall, making it less elastic.