41.   A total of eight patients underwent surgery and nine a repeat endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography to clear the duct.

42.   The control group consisted of patients who had undergone similar surgery for carcinoma of the right colon.

43.   Difficulties arise in patients who are grossly obese and in those who have undergone extensive surgery in the upper abdomen.

44.   After randomisation, the number of days spent in hospital by patients undergoing surgery was significantly greater than for those randomised to sclerotherapy.

45.   Even he had definite symptomatic and endoscopic benefit from additional radiotherapy and his general conditioned improved enough for him to undergo successful surgery.

46.   For these reasons, patients with corrosive strictures often undergo surgery, which carries significant morbidity and mortality.

47.   Ideally the agent should reduce bleeding sufficiently to allow the patient to undergo surgery without the need for blood transfusion and should obviate the risk of postoperative anaemia.

48.   The body politic may have undergone radical surgery and it may have aged considerably, but it has continued to endure.

49.   Jeanette Orton from Oxfordshire has already undergone surgery to correct a defect in her right eye.