41.   The best courses require a combination of immense physical strength, sheer guts and surgical turning technique.

42.   The company looks at lubricants, steel, fabric and other items, helping organizations solve manufacturing defects, fix faulty equipment, improve surgical techniques or identify particles.

43.   The program uses a combination of drugs, surgical techniques and special equipment to reduce the amount of blood lost during surgery and hence the need for blood transfusions.

44.   To most observers, traditional hip-replacement operations must seem like a surgical technique straight out of the Middle Ages.

45.   Trepanation, the removal of bone from the skull, is the most ancient surgical technique known.

46.   Using an outpatient surgical technique called laparoscopy, doctors can remove endometrial growths without making a large incision or leaving an obvious scar.

47.   Walsh is one of the developers of the nerve-sparing surgical technique.

48.   While the introduction of drugs is tightly regulated, the introduction of such surgical techniques is not.

49.   Yet, even though sinus experts agree that the new surgical techniques are both more effective and less painful, significant difference remain between surgeons.

50.   Other advances, they argued, such as organ transplants or new surgical techniques, also took time to perfect.