41.   The size is calculated by observing the gravitational pull on a distant object.

42.   They can also tell astronomers the temperatures, densities and motions of distant objects.

43.   They are also among the most distant known objects, meaning that they provide glimpses of the early universe and must harbor clues to those primordial conditions.

44.   Unlike massive conventional telescopes, which must move continually to follow distant objects, the only moving part of the Hobby-Eberly telescope is the lightweight tracker.

45.   Without at least three working gyros, the observatory cannot be aimed precisely enough to study stars, galaxies and other distant objects in the universe.

46.   Astronomers believe that they are looking far back in time when they look at very distant objects.

47.   It marks the third time in the past year that astronomers have found what were thought to be the most distant objects yet.

48.   It surpassed the previous record-holder for the most distant known celestial object, a galaxy discovered last year by researchers in Hawaii and Cambridge, England.

49.   It is the third time in the past year that astronomers have found what were thought to be the most distant objects yet.

50.   So truly gigantic things, such as black holes and clusters of galaxies, can actually magnify the light traveling from distant objects to Earth.