41.   Some schools, like Connally, have to cut back their academic programs in the face of the teacher shortage.

42.   Such schools receive state funding but are largely autonomous when it comes to developing academic programs and hiring teachers.

43.   Students would take required courses, but whenever possible the academic program would be tailored to their individual abilities and interests.

44.   SUNY officials insist that they will not raise tuition or cut academic programs this school year, but will not rule out such steps next year.

45.   The academic program is sponsored by the University of Pittsburgh.

46.   That said, the Northwestern case is striking because it involves a well-heeled university whose attractive lakefront campus is not known for top-notch academic programs.

47.   The Associated Colleges of the Twin Cities, an organization of five colleges in the Minneapolis-St. Paul area, has shared academic programs for about two decades.

48.   The appeal for Five Colleges was not just to save money but also to enrich academic programs.

49.   The contraction in college plans also follow a span of flush years when the institutions added new buildings, increased the sizes of faculties and created new academic programs.

50.   The charges came from memos written by Robin Wright, a former coordinator for academic programs.