31.   In the last three years, the federal government has filed friend-of-the court briefs in a half-dozen malpractice cases against HMOs.

32.   It would require only the disclosure of a verdict in a malpractice case, even though most claims are settled out of court.

33.   Lewinsky later was released and relied briefly for her defense on William Ginsburg, a California lawyer and family friend who specialized in medical malpractice cases.

34.   Legal analysts said malpractice cases become criminal matters when doctors try to falsify medical records, focus on money rather than patient welfare or show extreme incompetence.

35.   Medical malpractice cases have historically been handled in state courts.

36.   Nor are they explicit about malpractice cases.

37.   Normally this type of situation would be a malpractice case, but apparently this patient had no family.

38.   Over the past year, Hall has settled five additional medical malpractice cases, Hammond said.

39.   Ophthalmologist, son-in-law of Charles H Keating Jr., former Olympic swimmer, Hall finds himself in court for medical malpractice cases involving more than two-dozen patients.

40.   Prosecutors would later complain that Ginsburg, a California specialist in civil malpractice cases, had little understanding of how a criminal inquiry worked.