31.   A higher yen makes Japanese exports more expensive aboard, while making imports cheaper in Japan.

32.   A higher yen makes Japanese exports more expensive abroad and less competitive, cutting into earnings of Japanese exporters.

33.   A higher yen makes Japanese exports more expensive abroad and pares dollar-denominated earnings at Japanese companies.

34.   A higher yen makes Japanese exports more expensive abroad and thus less competitive, and cuts into earnings of export-oriented Japanese companies.

35.   A higher yen makes Japanese exports more expensive abroad and thus less competitive, cutting into earnings at export-led Japanese companies.

36.   A higher yen makes Japanese exports more expensive abroad and thus less competitive, cutting into earnings of export-dependent Japanese companies.

37.   A higher yen makes Japanese exports more expensive abroad and thus less competitive, cutting into earnings of export-oriented Japanese companies.

38.   A higher yen makes Japanese exports more expensive abroad and thus less competitive, reducing dollar-denominated earnings of export-oriented Japanese companies.

39.   A higher yen makes Japanese exports more expensive and thus less competitive abroad, cutting into earnings of export-oriented companies.

40.   A higher yen tends to make Japanese exports less competitive by forcing exporters to raise prices on products they sell overseas.