31.   Patasse had to call on France to squash the mutiny and the former colonial ruler sent Mirage jet fighters and helicopters to overpower the soldiers.

32.   Panama has turned down a Haitian request to extradite a former military ruler charged with murder and human-rights violations in Haiti.

33.   Rastafarians are members of a religious cult that looks to former Ethiopian ruler Haile Selassie as its spiritual center.

34.   A former Marxist ruler of this tiny African nation will square off against its first democratically elected president in a runoff vote after inconclusive election returns Tuesday.

35.   A dissident under former Stalinist rulers, she is widely popular as the coach of the Bulgarian national rhythmic gymnastics team that won the world championship.

36.   A former Nigerian military ruler, Yakubu Gowon, was engaged in talks with various groups in an effort to stop the fighting, state television reported.

37.   A package of amendments to the constitution drawn up by the former military rulers more than a decade ago cleared a parliamentary commission Thursday.

38.   Across the dusty capital, former military ruler Amadou Toumani Toure chose a military school as the place to register his vote.

39.   Afghan fighters hold thousands captured as they wrested control of the country from the former radical Islamic rulers and the al-Qaida terrorist network they harbored.

40.   All of the requests were rejected but they were accepted as immigrants by Portugal, the former colonial ruler of East Timor.