21.   Justice Stephen G. Breyer questioned, later in the argument, whether parental choice in Cleveland was actually so unencumbered.

22.   Parental choice would give school administrators and teachers the choice to perform or die.

23.   Private-school vouchers, considered by supporters to be the key to true parental choice in education, long have been controversial.

24.   Perhaps the gravest defect of the California initiative was that proponents could cite little hard evidence to back up their theory that parental choice would indeed improve educational performance.

25.   The Cleveland program, according to the chief justice, is an indirect form of aid, channeled to parochial schools only by way of parental choice.

26.   The evidence that greater parental choice, however arranged, raises standards is already persuasive.

27.   The heated debate places the ideals of parental choice against the quest for diversity in public schools.

28.   The Minnesota program was not a constitutional violation, the court held then, because it was a neutral law that distributed money according to private parental choice.

29.   The plan stresses more accountability for schools, more standardized testing, more parental choice and local control of schools.

30.   They say they are not motivated by race, but by concern for property values, white flight and especially parental choice.