21.   Small LDL is more likely to cling to your artery walls than large LDL.

22.   Smaller ones are more likely to become stuck in the artery wall and trigger the inflammation that leads to plaque accumulation.

23.   The genes should be taken up by the cells of the artery wall, and those cells should churn out vegf proteins for the next couple of weeks.

24.   The gene normally makes a protein called fibrillin, which forms hairlike structures called microfibrils that give ligaments, tendons, artery walls and other tissues strength and resilience.

25.   The other two causes, called remodeling and intimal hyperplasia, involve the build up of scar tissue on the outside and the inside of the artery wall respectively.

26.   The skin measurements might better reflect the amount of cholesterol being deposited in tissue and might provide a better indicator of the condition of the artery walls.

27.   The thickness of carotid artery walls and the degree of narrowing are a strong predictor of a future heart attack, research has shown.

28.   The strongest impact of smoking was seen in the abdominal aorta, where aneurysms, or bulging of artery walls, develop in middle age.

29.   This excess fat clogs your artery walls, the arteries narrow and, presto, coronary-artery disease.

30.   Vitamin C is shown to protect against cancer, suppress high blood pressure and clean fatty deposits from artery walls.