11.   He explained that an organism with many tissues may need to use a gene in different ways in each tissue.

12.   He used the gene for a powerful hormone known as erythropoietin, which spurs the bone marrow to churn out more red blood cells.

13.   In gene therapy, scientists try to use healthy genes to prevent or cure a variety of illnesses, from rare inherited disorders to heart disease and cancer.

14.   In one study, the researchers used a gene that made sperm cells stained blue so they could see the cells that had inherited the gene.

15.   In gene therapy, scientists try to use healthy genes to replace ones that cause disease.

16.   McCown said the main difficulty in using the genes would be in precisely controlling them, turning them on only when and where desired.

17.   Monsanto acknowledges using human genes in its pharmaceutical products, but says it has no plans to use human genes in plants used for foods.

18.   Monsanto let Pioneer use the genes to produce Roundup Ready soybeans and insect-resistant corn for small payments and no royalties.

19.   Now a Pennsylvania pharmaceutical research company says it has patented a much cheaper method of producing the enzymes by using genes from bacteria enzymes.

20.   Studied spread of cancer using genes from a lymphoma cell.