11.   During his unsuccessful presidential campaign, Gramm received a great deal of national news coverage and appearances on talk shows.

12.   During his unsuccessful campaign for US Senate, Gov. William F. Weld ridiculed cash payments for alcoholics and addicts as an example of liberalism run amok.

13.   Fob James Jr., then the governor, publicly defended the prayer provision and made it a central element of his unsuccessful campaign for re-election last year.

14.   Hansen is a leader of the unsuccessful campaign to force U.S. grocery manufacturers to apply disclosure labels to food products that contain genetically modified organisms.

15.   He has since led an unsuccessful campaign to eradicate remaining stocks of the live virus at the CDC and in Russia.

16.   He quit to wage an unsuccessful campaign to unseat Janet Reno, the U.S. attorney general, who was then the Dade County prosecutor.

17.   His political career began with unsuccessful local campaigns followed by a failed bid for Congress.

18.   In a phone interview from Covington, La., where he recently ran his second unsuccessful campaign for U.S. Senate, Duke defended his credentials.

19.   In one case, a transplanted New Yorker staged an unsuccessful campaign to silence the bell of a clock tower after dark because it disturbed him.

20.   In her nonworking hours, Ms. Nelson was a leader of an unsuccessful campaign to protect gay rights in Tacoma.