11.   The ending of state monopolies in the insurance, alcohol, gas and electricity sectors was also proposed.

12.   But they will still be independent of a powerful state monopoly and monolith.

13.   And after more than four decades of state monopoly, Brazil has given foreign oil companies the green light to invest.

14.   -- Colombia ended an era of state monopoly of its television industry by awarding two licenses to operate new private channels.

15.   A deal hinges on Asian and Latin American countries relaxing restrictions on foreign bank ownership and breaking up state monopolies.

16.   A governing party that once spoke of nationalizing big industry is now preparing to sell some state monopolies to private bidders.

17.   A political mafia of close cronies continues to suck out cash from the state monopolies, Western economists assert.

18.   But as a presidential candidate last fall, Cardoso said only that he would open these state monopolies to joint ventures with private partners.

19.   But regulations preventing BT, a former state monopoly, from applying for the necessary licenses were relaxed last year.

20.   But Unicom, which was started by the Chinese government six years ago to challenge the state monopoly, China Telecom, has its own problems.