11.   With speculative activity cut off, large banks parked funds in treasury securities, depriving the market and smaller banks of liquidity.

12.   Yet BankAmerica, thanks to a series of Federal Reserve interest rate hikes, was able to snatch the company at a big discount to the speculative activity.

13.   Asian currencies have been shaken anew by speculative activity triggered by the weakness of the South Korean won.

14.   Distributors found selling sugar and wheat flour at higher prices will be charged of hoarding and of practicing speculative activities, he said.

15.   He added market forces had been allowed to determine the value but not through excessive speculative activities.

16.   He added that Malaysia will maintain its stand on the need for the regulation of currency trading to prevent excessive speculative activities.

17.   He added that resorting to the proper channels would avoid speculative activities and scams.

18.   He had wanted transparency and a tax levied on such speculative activities.

19.   In line with this policy, the Government has placed some hurdles in the path of speculative activities.

20.   In the initial stages of the turbulence, efforts to stabilise the currencies and curb speculative activities included central bank support and sharp increases in domestic interest rates.