11.   The firms used their own capital, charging handsome fees and interest rates but also shouldering the risk that the bridge loans could not be replaced with longer-term financing.

12.   Those companies, in turn, often have the freedom of better-lined pocketbooks and the ability to shoulder more risk.

13.   Trial patients shoulder the risk of the unknown so other patients will not have to.

14.   Washington has expanded the company in an industry where mergers are uncommon because companies are reluctant to shoulder the risks of contract backlogs.

15.   Besides, private companies which have pursued offshore loans, have the obligation to shoulder the risks of their own debts by themselves.

16.   The government shouldered the risk by not obligating the companies to repay the loans if no oil was found.

17.   The study welcomed a role for government in helping shoulder the risk of terrorism insurance.

18.   Exploration is to begin in April, with Dallas-based Triton shouldering all risks, the report said.