11.   One company, Liberty Media, owns stakes in a variety of cable programming companies.

12.   Steve West, president of Metafuse, an e-commerce and Web programming company, developed the software that allows swimmers to search for and post customized workouts.

13.   The Federal Trade Commission, which has jurisdiction over the Turner deal, recognized the bottleneck that can occur when a programming company owns a distribution channel.

14.   With far more subscribers than the fledgling satellite business, cable operators can command larger discounts from cable programming companies.

15.   With merger partner Bell Atlantic and a fellow Baby Bell, Pacific Telesis, Nynex formed an entertainment programming company called TeleTV.

16.   The wrestling programming company folded its XFL football league, a joint venture with NBC, after the inaugural season turned out to be a flop.