11.   A players union.

12.   According to Selig, the small-market Pirates are why baseball needs the salary cap that the players union abhors.

13.   Agent Bill Goodstein objected and threatened to file a grievance with the players union.

14.   Bud Selig still acting commissioner and Donald Fehr in charge of the players union.

15.   Buck Williams, the former president of the players union, said race playing a role was inevitable.

16.   But he and Don Fehr, director of the players union, said that more research is needed.

17.   But some owners and agents have been exploiting the loophole, agents and officials from the league and the players union say.

18.   But that night, players union representatives held a conference call.

19.   But the options available to punish Rocker are limited by the bargaining agreement with the players union.

20.   But the powerful players union has only said it would take up the issue with its members.