11.   Occasionally, Angell said, the journal could not publish such an editorial because none of the experts asked met its policy requirements.

12.   Now known as the Ingelfinger rule, and widely adopted by other journals, it says a journal will not publish a manuscript if its findings have appeared elsewhere.

13.   Scientific results are not valid unless they can be reproduced, and prominent journals will not publish papers unless they contain enough data to satisfy independent reviewers.

14.   The journal published a rebuttal two weeks after its attack.

15.   The journal published a study revealing that enalapril, a standard treatment for chronic heart failure, was less helpful to blacks than to whites.

16.   The journal publishes English translations of Armenian poetry.

17.   The same journal published the new study in its current edition.

18.   Two weeks ago, the scientific journal Nature published an article that raised this fear to a new level.

19.   We should also remember that medical journals publish works in progress for other scientists and doctors.

20.   Why would a scientific journal publish two articles saying different things?