11.   Books require less formal approval than newspapers before publication.

12.   But as Harris pointed out, the federal government already had regulations for these derivatives even without giving formal approval.

13.   But the idea of requiring a theology professor to receive formal approval to teach has drawn worried comments from academics at some of the best-known Catholic institutions.

14.   But until now, the Court of Appeals had not given its formal approval to taking notes during a trial.

15.   By late Monday, a formal approval of the loan by the senate economic affairs committee had yet to be received.

16.   By this time the CIA had discovered the Iranian operation and asked whether it constituted a covert operation that required formal presidential approval and notification of Congress.

17.   Carr said formal approval by school presidents is expected later this month.

18.   Chuan is expected to submit his government lineup to the speaker of parliament on Saturday, after which he would need the formal approval of King Bhumibol Adulyadej.

19.   Citibank is one of many banks that have been selling the stock-index derivatives for several years while waiting for formal approval.

20.   Clinton has made no commitment to seek formal congressional approval, as opposed to pledging nonbinding consultations, before dispatching troops.