11.   A federal trial court sided with Lockheed, and threw out the claim.

12.   A federal trial court threw out the suit, saying ERISA includes provisions about unpaid pension contributions, and bans enforcement of any state laws on the same topic.

13.   A federal trial judge disagreed, saying that American Life could pay the rent in cash.

14.   A federal trial judge initially struck down the law.

15.   A federal trial judge initially threw out the suit, agreeing with Heinz and Hershey that the contracts required disputes to be settled by arbitration in Italy.

16.   A federal trial judge ruled that while torture was indeed horrible, U.S. courts had no business getting involved when it happened elsewhere.

17.   A federal trial judge sided with Boerne and declared RFRA unconstitutional.

18.   A federal trial judge sided with Wisconsin.

19.   A federal trial judge threw out the suit.