11.   The ductal tissue is routinely discarded when surgeons extract insulin-producing islet cells from a donor cadaver transplant.

12.   The Harvard deal does not include money for research once the cells have been extracted.

13.   The key was that no federal money would be used to extract the cells, a procedure that destroys the embryo.

14.   The sample cells are extracted by technicians working with remote-controlled equipment under high-power microscopes.

15.   The work is controversial because the cells are extracted from human embryos, which some people regard as an early form of human life.

16.   These cells are extracted from aborted fetuses and human embryos, which were created in in-vitro fertilization labs but never used for that purpose.

17.   Under the Clinton policy, federally funded researchers could work with stem cells as long as privately funded scientists extracted the cells from the embryos and thus killed them.

18.   Under current rules, these researchers may experiment with stem cells grown in private laboratories but may not themselves extract the cells from embryos.

19.   Anti-abortion activists and the Vatican say that human stem cell research constitutes the taking of life because embryos are destroyed to extract the cells.

20.   But many people oppose the research because extracting the cells kills a human embryo.