11.   Sir John Hale, a British historian who specialized in the Renaissance and was a former chairman of the National Gallery in London, died on Thursday.

12.   Some modern British historians have also taken the middle view that there was enough blame to go around and that Britain had its share.

13.   Taylor was the brilliant bete noire of British historians.

14.   The British medical historian Roy Porter was embarking on his first sabbatical in nearly three decades of frenetic teaching and writing when he fell spectacularly ill last fall.

15.   The British historian and philosopher David Hume even wrote a pamphlet defending the right to suicide, but at the last moment decided not to publish it.

16.   Paul Johnson, the provocative British historian, put it more pugnaciously in a recent issue of the Spectator, a London weekly.

17.   A British historian best known for his books about Spain has won the prestigious Prince of Asturias Prize for Social Science, the prize-giving jury announced Tuesday.

18.   A British historian best known for his books about Spain has won the prestigious Prince of Asturias Prize for Social Science, the prize-giving jury announced Wednesday.

19.   A chance conversation with a German who made an anti-Jewish slur prompted a British historian to publish a new biography of Adolf Hitler.

20.   A British historian, Sir Raymond Carr, won the prize for social science while a Colombian language academy, Caso and Cuervo Institute, received the communication prize.