1.   Initial improvement followed stent insertion and no relapse occurred after stent removal.

2.   A further five underwent percutaneous stent insertion in order to achieve biliary decompression.

3.   After five days, an ERCP elsewhere showed bile leakage from the cystic duct stump and a small endoscopic sphincterotomy was performed, followed by stent insertion.

4.   Six of seven patients with a stricture, had successful stent insertion.

5.   But a persistent problem has been that in many cases, stent insertion causes scarring and renewed blockage.

6.   One method involves the use of intracoronary radiation at the time of stent insertion.