1.   A few tours were canceled for lack of bookings, and an oil spill forced the cancellation last month of a kayaking excursion to Matagorda.

2.   Each spill forced Fredericksburg to shut down its water treatment plant on the Rappahannock River for a week and haul in water from a neighboring county.

3.   In Kansas, a spill forced the partial shutdown of a municipal water system.

4.   The highly dense oil spills may force power plants to shut down or limit intake of seawater.