1.   The decline is most marked among oaks and Scots pines, with insects and wind damage assumed to be the main causes.

2.   Scots pine and Norway spruce would be the answer, with possibly some hybrid larch on the rocky and drier sites.

3.   More Scots pine and Norway spruce?

4.   Scots pine, Norway and Sitka spruce, Japanese larch, Corsican pine, Douglas fir and lodgepole pine from Canada.

5.   Around the same time, Scots pine was wiped out in all the industrial cities in northern England, and rhododendrons struggled to grow in urban Manchester.