1.   Davis asked EPA in April to waive the ethanol requirement and allow California refineries to make gasoline without ethanol or any other oxygenate.

2.   Even if a refinery can make gasoline for a boutique market, finding space for an unscheduled shipment on a product pipeline is problematic.

3.   Instead of fat margins, he claims the Tosco refinery made no money at all last year.

4.   While oil refineries make hydrogen, for use in the refining process, the molecule is so small that it would escape from conventional pipelines.

5.   Traditionally refineries make slight cuts in production at this time of year for maintenance before shifting away from gasoline to distillate production in anticipation of the winter heating season.