1.   I am not convinced that the principle of natural selection alone makes the emergence of rational beings probable.

2.   In turn, this presupposes treating the other as a person, as, at least partly, a rational being.

3.   It is the specification of those basic intrinsic values that all rational beings would desire.

4.   So indeterminism is a necessary condition of the later development of morally important freedom in rational beings.

5.   Here I believe all rational beings are in accord.

6.   So we already believe in rational beings existing beyond the earth.