1.   It is where proteins fold, charged ions move through cell membranes and messenger molecules read DNA instructions in the cell nucleus.

2.   Prusiner suggested that, instead, a protein folds itself into an unusual shape.

3.   Scientists know that proteins fold into precise shapes.

4.   The new picture of amyloid diseases evolved as physicists and chemists began using their research tools to understand exactly how proteins fold.

5.   The urine was put into a machine that removes urea, a process that allows proteins to fold back into their original shapes.

6.   Understanding how proteins fold could be the key to developing treatments for a range of genetic diseases such as those related to mad cow disease.

7.   It will focus on how proteins fold and change their shape, a key to understanding their biological function.