1.   Argon found he could prevent the clumping by adding a second protein called a chaperone, which shepherds the misshapen antibodies to cellular garbage grinders.

2.   For example, says Brooks, this may be what happens with immune system proteins called MHC molecules.

3.   For unknown reasons, a normal protein called a prion twists into an abnormal shape, usually in the brain.

4.   Prion diseases occur when a normal protein called a cellular prion misfolds into an abnormal shape that cannot be broken down by enzymes.

5.   This circuit, also located in a brain region controlling emotions, releases a small protein called corticotropin-releasing factor, or CRF.

6.   Women subconsciously prefer the smell of men whose genes for a class of immune system proteins called the MHC are very different from their own.

7.   A Jekyll-and-Hyde protein called a prion, invisible to all but an electron microscope.

8.   He also shed light on how regulating proteins called cyclin-dependent kinases, or CDKs, work.

9.   The vaccine makes the body produce blood proteins called antibodies that latch onto cocaine molecules.