1.   And discoveries were not patented, making them almost impossible to license to companies.

2.   At first, universities with strong engineering programs patented their discoveries most aggressively.

3.   Because he wanted to protect the American public from any kind of vitamin D-associated quackery, he eventually patented his discovery.

4.   After the university declined to patent the discovery, Bogart filed with the patent office himself.

5.   Rubinsky said the University of California patented his discovery and encouraged him to seek an industrial partner.

6.   The discovery has been patented.

7.   The foundation patented the discovery and granted Geron exclusive rights to develop the cells into six tissue types that might be used to treat disease.

8.   The University of Wisconsin scientist who isolated these embryonic cells patented his discovery and turned the patent over to the foundation.

9.   The University of California recently patented the discovery, Dasgupta said, and major pharmaceutical companies are expressing strong interest in the finding.

10.   Faced with fierce competition in a potentially highly-lucrative field, INSERM and University College have both applied to patent their discovery.