1.   Term limitations, imposed to convert longtime incumbents into temporary job holders, have a similar effect.

2.   He was an economics professor at North Texas State University at Denton when he decided to run for Congress and unseated a longtime Democratic incumbent.

3.   His stand against the bar gave McBride a platform from which to run for mayor, and he narrowly defeated a longtime incumbent in November.

4.   Liz Krueger easily won a Democratic Senate primary on the Upper East Side, seeking to dislodge the longtime Republican incumbent, Roy M. Goodman.

5.   Many of those Republican gains came when longtime Democratic incumbents like Mr. Bevill retired, and Republican candidates could compete on a level playing field.

6.   Many of those Republican gains came when longtime Democratic incumbents like Bevill retired, and Republican candidates could compete on a level playing field.

7.   Once longtime Democratic incumbents step aside because of term limits or retirement, the GOP thinking goes, Republicans will claim those largely rural seats and take majority status.

8.   Rep. Thomas Manton, the longtime incumbent from the Seventh District, announced in the dark of night that he would not be running for re-election.

9.   She entered the race thinking she was running against the Emerson who was a longtime incumbent.

10.   The challenger, Frankie Cruz, the cable television commentator, says the longtime incumbent, Gloria Davis, an African-American, has shortchanged the newer arrivals.