1.   Since drugs are costly, it might be desirable to give the drug when it is less readily removed by the kidneys.

2.   He has had a cancerous prostate gland and a stone-infected kidney removed.

3.   They sit in reclining chairs for three to four hours as their blood circulates through machines that filter out the impurities their kidneys no longer can remove.

4.   With the urea, a healthy kidney removes valuable sugars, salts and water, substances that it then returns to the bloodstream.

5.   Mushtaa said his son had one kidney removed at birth and had been suffering from the poor functioning of the other.